DC Charging Sockets For Electrical Vehicle


Electric Vehicle Connector:  A device that, by insertion into an electric vehicle inlet, establishes an electrical connection to the electric vehicle for the purpose of power transfer and information exchange. This device is part of the electric vehicle coupler.

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Electric Vehicle Coupler: A mating electric vehicle inlet and electric vehicle connector set.
(A) Polarization: The electric vehicle coupler shall be polarized unless part of a listed electric vehicle charging system or an electric vehicle supply equipment system
(B) Noninterchangeability: The electric vehicle coupler shall have a configuration that is noninterchangeable with wiring devices in other electrical systems. Nongrounding-type electric vehicle couplers shall not be interchangeable with grounding-type electric vehicle couplers.
(C) Construction and Installation: The electric vehicle coupler shall be constructed and installed so as to guard against inadvertent contact by persons with parts made live from the electric vehicle supply equipment or the electric vehicle battery.
     
 (D) Unintentional Disconnection: The electric vehicle coupler shall be provided with a positive means to prevent unintentional disconnection.
(E) Grounding Pole: The electric vehicle coupler shall be provided with a grounding pole, unless provided as part of a listed isolated electric vehicle charging system
(F) Grounding Pole Requirements: If a grounding pole is provided, the electric vehicle coupler shall be so designed that the grounding pole connection is the first to make and the last to break contact.
Electric Vehicle Inlet: The device on the electric vehicle into which the electric vehicle connector is inserted for power transfer and information exchange. This device is part of the electric vehicle coupler. For the purposes of this Code, the electric vehicle inlet is considered to be part of the electric vehicle and not part of the electric vehicle supply equipment.

Charging Connector Industry Standards
Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Recommended Practice is intended as a guide toward standard practice and is subject to change to keep pace with experience and technical advances.

SAE J1773 – SAE Electric Vehicle Inductively Coupled Charging-
Two major standards for power connectors are SAE J1772 and CHAdeMO. For standardization within North America, in October 2012, the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) completed a new standard connector, SAE J1772 Combo, which combines AC and DC charging capability (figure 6).[1] Major Japanese EV manufacturers use CHAdeMO; fast charging stations with these connectors are located throughout the United States and 50 other countries.[2] This standard of electrical connection has an additional charging method that uses the DC pins in the CHAdeMO connector for DC fast charging.[3] Additionally, Tesla, Inc. has a DC charging connector unique to its vehicles and charging stations. These unique connectors can use adaptors, which attach to the connector to charge at SAE J1772-type stations.[4]

Operation of a J 1772 charging station
When the charging connector (see Figure) is in its holster on the station, both it and the cable are completely de-energized and cannot be energized. When it is inserted into the E V socket (see Figure 4), the connection is detected by the charging station, which communicates its maximum current to the E V.


[1]  SAE. (2012). “SAE International Releases New Fast-Charging Combo Coupler Standard (SAE J1772) for Plug-In Electric and Electric Vehicles.” http://www.sae.org/servlets/pressRoom?OBJECT_TYPE=PressReleases&PAGE=showRelease&RELEASE_ID=1897. Accessed July 11, 2017.
REMA EV. (2012). “DC Fast Charge: SAE J1772TM Fast Charge Connector (CSS 1.0).” http://rema-ev.com/dc-fast-charge/. Accessed
October 1, 2016. 
[2] CHAdeMo. (2017). “North American Map; Fast Charger Map (US).” https://www.chademo.com/about-us/fast-charger-maps/north-americanmap/. Accessed February 2, 2017.
[3]  Blink. (2016). “Blink DC Fast Charger.” http://www.blinknetwork.com/chargers-commercial-dc-fast.html. Accessed October 1, 2016.
[4]  Tesla. (2017). “Charging: Charge at Home.” Tesla. https://www.tesla.com/charge-at-home. Accessed May 26, 2017


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